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32140 Cylindrical Battery Cell
Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Battery Cell
Space-grade safety ensured by multi-level protection, automated manufacturing, comprehensive testing, 24/7 monitoring & big data warning. Max 2000-cycle life via modified cathode/anode/electrolyte to slow capacity fade. Volume energy density >300Wh/kg with advanced materials (high-voltage, cobalt-free, solid-state) and minimalist structure. High consistency from automated sorting/grouping, avoiding barrel effect to boost pack discharge capacity. 24/7 protection via BMS (health monitoring, internal short detection, 90% fire risk reduction) and lifecycle online warning.
The 32140 cylindrical battery cell is a popular model among large-format cylindrical batteries. With its multi-scenario adaptability, it has rapidly gained popularity in energy storage, low-speed power, and other fields. Its model number denotes fixed physical dimensions: 32mm in diameter and 140mm in height. The mainstream variants cover two chemical systems—lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and sodium-ion—with capacities concentrated at 10Ah and 15Ah. Some manufacturers have planned specifications of over 20Ah. Below is a detailed analysis from multiple dimensions.
I. Core Specifications and Mechanical Properties
(I) Basic Dimensions and Tolerances
It features a cylindrical steel shell design, with positive and negative electrodes led out from both ends respectively.
Standard diameter: 32.0mm, tolerance ±0.2mm
Standard height: 140.0mm, tolerance ±0.3mm
(II) Weight and Energy Density
● Lithium iron phosphate version: Weight ranges from 290-300g; the 15Ah model achieves a volumetric energy density of up to 330Wh/L.
● Sodium-ion version: Weight is approximately 270g (265±5g for some specifications); the 10Ah model has a volumetric energy density of about 270Wh/L.
(III) Structural Protection Design
The steel shell has a wall thickness of 0.25-0.30mm, with a cross-shaped scored pressure relief valve on the top and an annular insulating bracket at the bottom. Its anti-extrusion capacity exceeds 200kgf.
The pole is sealed with a dual-channel structure of laser welding + fluororubber O-ring, ensuring no leakage at -40℃ and no gassing at 85℃.
The internal electrode assembly adopts two schemes: full-tab winding and lamination-winding composite. The latter offers better rate performance but requires 15-20% higher equipment investment.
II. Comparison of Core Electrical Performance Parameters
(I) Basic Electrical Performance (Typical Values at 25℃)
| Performance Indicator | Lithium Iron Phosphate 15Ah | Sodium-ion 10Ah |
|---|---|---|
|
Nominal Voltage |
3.2V |
3.0-3.05V |
|
Rated Capacity |
15Ah |
10Ah |
|
Energy |
48Wh |
30Wh |
|
Cycle Life |
≥2500 cycles (80% SOH) |
≥2000 cycles (70% SOH) |
|
Maximum Continuous Discharge |
2C (30A) |
3C (30A) |
|
Maximum Pulse Discharge |
5C (75A)/5s |
10C (100A)/10s |
|
Charging Temperature |
0-55℃ |
0-45℃ |
|
Discharging Temperature |
-30-60℃ |
-40-60℃ |
|
Annual Self-Discharge (50% SOC) |
≤3% |
≤5% |
|
DC Internal Resistance |
3-4mΩ |
3-5mΩ |
|
Deep Discharge Characteristics |
Discouraged below 2.0V |
Dischargeable to 0V safely for transportation |
(II) Differences in Low-Temperature Performance
Lithium iron phosphate 15Ah: Capacity retention rate is about 70% at -20℃; discharge is feasible at -30℃ but only 50% of capacity can be released.
Sodium-ion 10Ah: Capacity retention rate ≥90% at -20℃ and still ≥80% at -40℃. It supports direct high-current output without preheating, demonstrating significant advantages in extremely cold environments.
III. Safety and Certification Standards
(I) Safety Characteristics
Thermal runaway onset temperature: Approximately 220℃ for lithium iron phosphate and 180℃ for sodium-ion.
Sodium-ion batteries feature low heat release power (peak temperature <250℃) and no oxygen emission. They do not catch fire in nail penetration, overcharging, or short-circuit tests.
Due to the properties of phosphorus-oxygen bonds, lithium iron phosphate materials reduce oxygen release, resulting in low thermal runaway risk and resistance to ignition or explosion in overcharging, short-circuit, and other scenarios.
(II) Certification Qualifications
● General certifications: Both have passed UN38.3, UL1973, CE, and RoHS certifications.
● Special certifications: Some manufacturers’ products have completed IEC62660 automotive-grade tests such as drop, extrusion, and seawater immersion; some lithium iron phosphate products have obtained the mandatory CCC certification for lithium batteries used in electric bicycles.
IV. Main Application Scenarios
(I) Energy Storage Field
● Residential energy storage: 51.2V 50-100Ah modules (16S2-4P) for wall-mounted/rack-mounted batteries.
● Commercial and industrial energy storage: 100kWh cabinets (16S16P ×14 layers) for small-scale commercial and industrial energy storage systems.
● Special energy storage: Solar street lights, UPS, communication base stations, and coal mine emergency power supplies. Sodium-ion cells are preferred for scenarios requiring low-temperature operation or long cycle life.
(II) Power Field
● Lightweight transportation: 24V/48V Packs (8S-16S1P) suitable for two/three-wheeled electric vehicles, serving as the mainstream solution for battery swapping cabinets.
● Low-speed vehicles: 96V 40-60Ah battery packs used in micro four-wheeled vehicles, golf carts, and sightseeing cars.
● Power in cold regions: Sodium-ion variants are suitable for low-speed electric vehicles and starter batteries in extremely cold areas.
(III) Industrial and Outdoor Fields
● Portable energy storage: 1-3kWh equipment. Compared with the 21700 solution, it reduces the number of cells by 30% and lowers BMS complexity.
● Other scenarios: Power systems for power tools, household appliances, medical equipment, and special equipment—lithium iron phosphate variants are more suitable; sodium-ion variants are adapted for outdoor electronic devices in extremely cold regions.
V. Technical Advantages and Selection Recommendations
(I) Core Technical Advantages
● Lithium iron phosphate 15Ah: Full-tab technology reduces internal resistance to below 3mΩ, supporting 3-5C continuous charging/discharging and lowering temperature rise by 25-30%. Three-dimensional heat dissipation design enhances thermal management efficiency. Wide-temperature electrolyte adapts to extreme climates. Abundant material reserves ensure environmental friendliness and stable prices. It can be fully charged to 100% without accelerating degradation, offering excellent total cost of ownership.
● Sodium-ion 10Ah: Sodium resources are far more abundant than lithium, ensuring a stable supply chain. It exhibits outstanding low-temperature performance and resistance to extreme environments. Supports reversible over-discharge without affecting lifespan or safety. Enables more accurate SOC estimation. Boasts significant cost advantages.
(II) Selection Guide
Prioritize lithium iron phosphate 15Ah: For scenarios emphasizing cost, energy density, cycle life, or high safety requirements such as medical equipment and special equipment.
Prioritize sodium-ion 10Ah: For extremely cold environments, scenarios requiring deep discharge safety guarantees, or applications concerned about raw material supply unaffected by lithium price fluctuations.
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● Appearance: Cylindrical
● Shell: Nickel-plated Steel Shell
● Weight ≈ 69.5g
● Diameter < 21.7±0.3mm
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